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English Notebook


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Define
Every detail in a text can be a clue to its intent, meaning or context
From word choice, to major events
Explicit evidence is directly stated in the text
use any prior knowledge when looking at different facts in an informational text
Not all textual evidence has weight
Textual Evidence could be a word, phrase, sentence, or paragraph that led you to make an inference or draw a conclusion.
Always need to cite evidence from text
Show how and why you chose to show the evidence and how you analyzed it the way that you did.



TKAM Takeaways
Some takeaways from reading TKAM were not much different from last time, although the case was brought to court. During court, everything was very unfair and because of Toms skin color. Although Atticus thinks he will not win, he did a good thing by taking up the case even though Tom is of color. The reason this is good is because without Atticus stepping in, Tom would have gone to jail right away without someone fighting for him.



SAT Test Taking Tips
When reading the question cover the answers
Make a prediction on what you think the answer is before actually reading the answers cause if you know what you are looking for already it will be easier to answer
If you're not sure of the answers keep re-reading the question
POE= process of eliminations
On easy questions using your predictions you should be able to eliminate 3 out of 4 of the answers and hard questions your should be able to eliminate 2 out of 4
Mostly Right/ Slightly Wrong:Answers usually look perfect except for a word or two that doesn't make sense
Could Be True: Answers seem to make sense or can be logical but they aren't supported by the text

Deceptive Language: has words that looks exactly like the passage but aren’t put together in a way that makes sense


Discussion Questions
1. Why does Miss Maudie refuse to go to the courtroom?


2. What does Scout mean when she refers to  “mulatto children”? What do they reveal about the town? What is their status in Maycomb?


3. How do the kids sneak into the courtroom? Who do they sit? Where are they in the courtroom? Why is the location of their seats important?


4. What is revealed by Heck Tate’s testimony? How does Heck Tate recount the events?


5. Why is it important that no doctor was called to check on Mayella? What does this leave unconfirmed?


6. Describe what we learn about Bob Ewell from his testimony. What questions do you have about him as a witness? What is revealed by his testimony that is key to the case?

7. What other questions do you need answered about the text?



After reading these chapters and discussing the book, some of the main points my group pulled out of this was the different ways people are plead guilty in a courtroom and how it was unfair doctors did not check mayella out, because that is key information to see the bruises on her body as well as other evidence.


SAT Test Taking Tips with Tucker


5 passages with 10-11 questions
1 literary, 2 science, and 2 history notes


Circle unknown words and jot quick notes in the margin- do not take too much time taking notes


POOD- Personal Order Of Difficulty


65 minutes to answer 55 questions with passages to read
Sort the passages you read as the subject you are best at, and end with the ones that increase in difficulty


Read the little “blurp” in italics above the passage to see if it is of interest
Focus on the types of questions as well


5 above & 5 below
Is it says 11-13, read 6-18


Read questions before you read the passage


Claim: States a clear position
Needs to be specific and answer the "why"
Keep wording specific&consise
If you only present one claim about a literary text, include title and author
Intro Quotes: You need to orient your reader and provide context
Who is speaking to who? What is happening in this moment (That might not be obvious from the quote)
What is the emotional state of the character?
Things you should already know
Write in 3rd person
No contractions
Do not use word things

In Ray Bradburys novel Fahrenheit 451, he uses short sentences and personification to build suspense and create tention when montag runs from the police.
Sonnets
 Sonnet means "Little song" in Italian
Total 154
1-126 were wrote to/about a young man
127-154 were wrote to/about a dark lady
rhyme scheme
A B A B C D C D E F E F G G
3 quatrainst caplet

Q#1-Establish the problem or situation, present a question, make a claim.
Q #2- Shakespeare develops this ^
Q#3- Turning point
conplet: resolution


Poetic Devices (Act II)

(171) A thousand times goodnight--hyperbole


(173) Love goes to love as school boys from their books--similie

(204-204) goodnight goodnight, such a sweet sorrow--paradox



Vocab (Act II)

Heralds - Messenger

Bandy - wide set feet
Unwieldy - 17 difficult to carry or move bc size
Poetic Devices (Act III)

(102-103) As Wide as a church door--simile

(98) Scratch, Scratch--Anafora

(55) If he be slain, say "I," or if not, "no." Brief sounds determine of my weal or woe--couplet


Vocab (Act III)
Simple - Slow witted
Consort - Marriage
Kinsmen - Family or relation by blood

Poetic Devices (Act IV)
(63) Dry sorrow drinks our blood - paradox
(76) Some grief shows much of love - paradox
(167) How, how, how, how - anaphora
(204) At home, abroad, alone, in company - alliteration
(202-205) - Hyperbole
(60) Me marvelous much - Alliteration 
(43) Now here night - Alliteration
(49) Well I will walk - Alliteration
(9)The nurse thinks she is dead while she is asleep - Irony
(24) My child is my only life! Revive, look up, or I will die with thee! (Do not take what you have for 
granted) - allegory
(92-93)For though fond nature bids us all lament. Yet nature's tears are no reson's merriment - couplet
Vocab (Act IV)
Jocund - cheerful
Discourses - memories
Fickle - frequent changing
Slugabed - a lazy person who stays in bed late and sleeps all the time 
Lamentable - full of sorrow
Deflowered - to take someone's (usually a female's) virginity

Poetic Devices (Act V)

(1) If I may trust the flattering truth of sleep - metaphor
(5) Lifts me above the ground with cheerful thoughts - personification
(12) When but but love's shadows are so rich in joy! - paradox

Vocab (Act IV)
Presage - predict
Took post - ride fast
Writ - one's authority  


HOW TO WRITE A THESIS STATEMENT
Intro should be 4-6 sentences
1.Hook
2.Transition
3. Thesis- Title-author-claim

Example- In William Shakespeares play Romeo and Juliet, (character name), (statement about characters mental health), (2 moments from play you will be focusing on)

1 Character (Romeo)
select two moments from the play to analyze
act 1, i
Montague and Benvolio talk about romeos behavior
1 quote from play, one quote from online source
act 2 scene 3
romeos conversation with friar Lawrence
1 quote play, 1 quote online source



Crime and Punishment in Elizabethan England
Jails were used to hold people until they were punished
Jails were also used to hold witnesses whose attendance was questionable at the trial

Most common Crimes
-Theft
-Begging
-Poaching
-Fraud
-Poaching
-Adultry

Heretics were burned to death at stake
Government sought more humane ways for punishment (After this era)
High class got powder to make death go by faster
Traitors
Hung then cut alive
Torture Methods
Excruciating, Painful, and Extreme
Many different tools they used for torturing

Lower class Crimes
Common punishments-
Starvation in public
hanging
branding
burning
whipping

Upper Class Crime
questioning beliefs
insulting
treason
murder
witchcraft

would using be hung until they pass out or half dead, or dead
hung alive with chains near area of murder, and they used a rope if they were lucky
the greater the crime, the bigger the punishment

Gender roles and Professions in Elizabethan England
Upper class was the highest
Could afford all best food, clothes, and threw the best parties
women could not take over the state for their fathers
Needed to learn how to cook, and be mothers
Monarch was highest class of all, also the queen
Had final say in everything
Used gender to sway deals with other nations
Nobility were right under monarchs
owned lots of land
threw parties
had lots of money
Gentrey were people who came from lower class, and joined higher class
became knights and squirers
Middle/Lower class
could afford basic food and clothing
didnt have shoes, could only buy milk and bread
government made everything more expensive
Yeomen commanded most of land, and lived on the land
farmers and craftsmen^
Women could not attend college or be a doctor or scientist
Single women were thought to be a witch by society
womens only job was to do wifely duties
Larborers were required to work


The Monarchy In Elizabethan England

  • 44 years on the throne
  • considered the virgin queen
  • mother was beheaded by her father
  • most popular monarch of their time
  • began ruling at age 25
  • alive from september 27,1533- march 24, 1603
  • 3 levels of government
  • disobeying the queen was considered treason
                               Queen Elizabeths Role
  • able to makr all major decisions
  • approve all laws
  • decide religion of england
  • decide war issues
  • food and clothes of people
                                                              Privy Council

  • wealthy, powerful people
  • highly intellegent people
  • discussed economics, foregien policy, home policy, religion, and security and military matters. 
                                                            Star Chamber
  • no jury in star chamber
  • ruthless political place
  • evidence given in writing
  • no witnesses
                                                        The New Monarchy
  • nobles had a lot of power
  • king james didnt support middle class
  • king james had earls leading his government
  • king james brought scotland and england together

                         Englands Position on the World Stage During Queen Elizabeths Rule

  • Scotland- Mary Stuart, married King Frances lll and united her country with France.
  • Elizabeth jailed her cousin because of many assasination attempts
  • Elizabeth kept mary for nearly 20 years before finally agreeing to have her executed
  •  thought Ireland was an unwelcome inheritance
  • Ireland was one of the most sensitive issues of Queen Elizabeth reign but by the time of her death the country had formed a new distinct identity of its own.
  • religoin could kept ireland and uk apart
  • spain and england were enemies because of religion
  • france was a constant pain
  • france controlled whole northern coastline
  • threatened england because they were more powerful
  • portugal was under spanish rule from 1580 to 1640
  • explorers motives was wealth, trade, power, spreading catholicism and expanding the empire
  • netherlands lost against spain
  • netherlands was trying to build a republic but they were not under spanish rule
  • england was far apart from the netherlands but they wanted to rule them, but they became a republic
  • china ming dynasty
  • they led an era that was told to be the "greatest the orderly and social stability in all human history"
  • 19 rulers in all




                                   Panel Discussion on Introductions
Setting the stage for your essay in the introduction, can be very powerful.
                                 In all should be about 4-6 sentences
All introductions have three things in common
1.Hook- Grab readers attention
You need to have an objective hook, and you need to grab the reader's attention and make them stay, because they will not want to read your essay if your hook is weak, or not to its full potential. You need to know who your audience is, so you can create a hook that can apply. Do not ask a question for a hook. If you decide to use questions, use one in a good situation. It would work better in something like a blogger, and make it a thought provoking question.
2.Transition
You have to make an explanation, and say why it is significant. If it is a quote, also say why it is significant, but give it a purpose and give some evidence, like who said/wrote it.
3. Thesis/Hypothesis
Thesis for english, Hypothesis for science.
Transition between the transition and thesis and hypothesis, is where you should stretch your learning and try to expand what you are saying.  Thesis/Hypothesis should be 1 sentence. Do not make it long, the entire intro should not be more than 4-6 sentences.
Hypothesis- What is the purpose of this lab?
                                     English/Science
1.Unusual data/fact transitioning the thesis.
2.Thought provoking quote w/citation and transition and thesis.
*science- from scientific journal
                                      English
3.Historical context/social implications and thesis
4.Anecdote and thesis







                                                Argumentative Paragraph Notes:

Claim: Your Position + 1 reason

Data: Quote by experts, data/numbers from a large study, rich info. (citation) Example: In her article "Living Viruses" Judy Miller Ph.d states "..." (Citation)

Counter Claim:  Present an opinion opposite from your own

Rebuttal: Explain and analyze how your data supports your claim.

Counter Claim: Present another piece of data (a quote from an expert or #s from a large study) to prove the counter claim is not as strong as your initial claim. Explain and analyze how that data  weakens your counterclaim. You do not need to find a source

Concluding Statement: Restate your main point in different words.

Never say:
I think
I believe
In my opinion
Instead say: Scientists from UCLA might say

"Things" Tucker Hates
1.The word things, and all other boring words.
2. Contractions like can't which are not formal. She does not want to see them in our writing, ever.
3. Tired and overused verbs,
4. Sentences that begin with so. Pick a better transition
5. "I'm going to write about"

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